Eloquent Has Many Through Relationship in Laravel 10

Eloquent Has Many Through Relationship in Laravel 10

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Inside this article we will see the concept i.e Eloquent Has Many Through Relationship in Laravel 10. Article contains the classified information i.e How to Use Has Many Through Eloquent Relationship in Laravel 10.

We will see the complete Idea of Best practices for using Has Many Through relationship in Laravel 10.

In Laravel, the “Has Many Through” relationship is a type of Eloquent relationship that allows you to define a many-to-many relationship with another model through a third intermediate model. This relationship is useful when you have complex relationships between models that can’t be directly related to each other.

For this tutorial we will consider a people table, brokers table and homes table. This means a person will contact a broker, then broker will provide home list.

Person -> Broker -> Home

Learn More –

Let’s get started.

Laravel Installation

Open terminal and run this command to create a laravel project.

$ composer create-project laravel/laravel myblog

It will create a project folder with name myblog inside your local system.

To start the development server of laravel – 

$ php artisan serve

URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000

Assuming laravel already installed inside your system.

Create Database & Connect

To create a database, either we can create via Manual tool of PhpMyadmin or by means of a mysql command.

CREATE DATABASE laravel_app;

To connect database with application, Open .env file from application root. Search for DB_ and update your details.

DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=laravel_app
DB_USERNAME=root
DB_PASSWORD=root

Create Migrations & Database Tables

We need few migration files –

  • People migration to store people data
  • Broker migration to store brokers
  • Home Migration to store homes data

Open project into terminal and run these artisan commands.

$ php artisan make:migration create_people_table

$ php artisan make:migration create_brokers_table

$ php artisan make:migration create_homes_table

It will create two migration files 2023_03_03_162204_create_people_table.php, 2023_03_03_162246_create_brokers_table.php, and 2023_03_03_162253_create_homes_table.php inside location /database/migrations.

Open xxx_create_people_table.php and write this complete code into it.

<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

return new class extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('people', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->string("name", 120);
            $table->string("email", 120)->unique();
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('people');
    }
};

Open xxx_create_brokers_table.php and write this code into it.

<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

return new class extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('brokers', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->string("name", 120);
            $table->string("email", 120)->unique();
            $table->foreignId('person_id')->constrained('people');
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('brokers');
    }
};

Open xxx_create_homes_table.php and write this complete code into it.

<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

return new class extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('homes', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->string("title", 155);
            $table->text("location");
            $table->foreignId('broker_id')->constrained('brokers');
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('homes');
    }
};

Run Migrations

Next, we need to migrate migrations.

$ php artisan migrate

This command will create tables inside database.

Create Model & Add Relationship

Next, we need to create three models. Back to terminal and run these artisan commands.

$ php artisan make:model Person

$ php artisan make:model Broker

$ php artisan make:model Home

These commands will create three files Person.php, Broker.php & Home.php inside /app/Models folder.

Open Person.php and write this complete code into it.

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasManyThrough;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use App\Models\Home;
use App\Models\Broker;

class Person extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;

    public function homeList(): HasManyThrough
    {
        return $this->hasManyThrough(Home::class, Broker::class);
    }
}

$this->hasManyThrough(Home::class, Broker::class);  This is establishing Has Many Through Relationship.

The first argument passed to the hasManyThrough method is the name of the final model we wish to access, while the second argument is the name of the intermediate model.

Rest for all models like for Broker.php and Home.php code will be same as default code.

Usage

$homes = Person::find($person_id)->homeList;

Controller Usage

Now, let’s test with a dummy application controller file.

Open any controller say DataController.php file from /app/Http/Controllers folder.

Here, we have created a method in which we use model method as a property.

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Models\Person;

class DataController extends Controller
{
    // To get home detail of a person
    public function getHome($person_id)
    {
        return Person::find($person_id)->homeList;
    }
}
  • Person::find($person_id)->homeList; It returns the list of homes by person_id through broker. It is showing has many through relationship.

Add Route

Open web.php from /routes folder and add this route into it.

//...

use App\Http\Controllers\DataController;

Route::get('home-list/{id}', [DataController::class, 'getHome']);

//...

Application Testing

Open project to terminal and type the command to start development server 

$ php artisan serve

URL

Get Homes by person id – http://127.0.0.1:8000/home-list/1

We hope this article helped you to learn Eloquent Has Many Through Relationship in Laravel 10 in a very detailed way.

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