Concept-of-Global-Middleware-in-Laravel-8-Tutorial

Concept of Global Middleware in Laravel 8 Tutorial

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Middleware are just like the filter funnel which filters the HTTP request inside any application. Any request before enter into application must needs to pass through the barrier of middleware which application contains.

Middlewares basically used to filter the authenticated request in application. By the help of which we can detect which route is valid or invalid. Apart from this, we have several other examples.

In laravel we have three types of middlewares –

Inside this article, we will see the concept of Global Middleware in Laravel 8.

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Concept of Global Middleware in Laravel 8 Tutorial

Let’s get started.

What is Global Middleware?

Global middleware name itself clears that, the middleware which will be applied globally to entire application. All the request inside application must be needs to go with filter funnel i.e middleware and then process next.

By the help of php artisan command, we create Middleware in laravel. 

$ php artisan make:middleware <MiddlewareName>

Middlewares will be stored inside /app/Http/Middleware. To register middleware inside application, Kernel.php file will be used which is inside /app/Http. Kernel.php, it’s a class file which contains registration of middlewares.

Installation of Laravel Application

Laravel Installation can be done in two ways.

  • Laravel Installer
  • By using composer

Laravel Installer

To install Laravel via Laravel installer, we need to install it’s installer first. We need to make use of composer for that.

$ composer global require laravel/installer

This command will install laravel installer at system. This installation is at global scope, so you type command from any directory at terminal. To verify type the given command –

$ laravel

This command will open a command palette of Laravel Installer.

To create ad install laravel project in system, 

$ laravel new blog

With the name of blog a laravel project will be created at your specified path.

By using composer

Alternatively, we can also install Laravel by Composer command create-project.

If your system doesn’t has composer Installed, Learn Composer Installation Steps.

Here is the complete command to create a laravel project- 

$ composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel blog

After following these steps we can install a Laravel application into system.

To start the development server of Laravel – 

$ php artisan serve

This command outputs –

Starting Laravel development server: http://127.0.0.1:8000

Assuming laravel already installed at system.

Example – Global Middleware Implementation

Let’s take an example to understand the concept of global middleware inside laravel application.

  • Create a Middleware which checks country, when we open URL.
  • US, IN, AFG should be allowed inside application, they can access application routes.
  • UK, AUS should be restricted to use or access route.

Create a Middleware

Open project into terminal and run this artisan command.

$ php artisan make:middleware CountryCheck

It will create a file with name CountryCheck.php at /app/Http/Middleware folder.

Open CountryCheck.php file and write this following code into it.

<?php

namespace App\Http\Middleware;

use Closure;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class CountryCheck
{
    /**
     * Handle an incoming request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Closure  $next
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function handle(Request $request, Closure $next)
    {
        if ($request->country && !in_array($request->country, array("us", "in", "afg"))) {
            return redirect("noaccess");
        }
        return $next($request);
    }
}
  • $request->country is NOT (US, IN, AFG), it will open no access page.

Register Middleware in Application

Open Kernel.php from /app/Http. Search for $middleware and add this.

protected $middleware = [
  ...

  \App\Http\Middleware\CountryCheck::class,

  ...
];

Create NoAccess Route

Open web.php from /routes and write this route into it.

Route::view("noaccess", "noaccess");

Next, we need to create noaccess.blade.php file.

Create NoAccess Page

Create a file called noaccess.blade.php at /resources/views folder. Open write this simple code into it.

<h3>Sorry! You have no access to open this page.</h3>

Application Testing

Open project to terminal and type the command to start development server 

$ php artisan serve

URL – http://127.0.0.1:8000/?country=us

We can access the routes.

URL – http://127.0.0.1:8000/?country=uk

Output: 

Sorry! You have no access to open this page.

We hope this article helped you to learn about Concept of Global Middleware in Laravel 8 Tutorial in a very detailed way.

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