Laravel 8 Has One Through Eloquent Relationship Tutorial

Laravel eloquent relationship is a very important feature which connects one or more tables in a chain. This is the substitute of joins in laravel.

Laravel provides these following relationships –

• One To One
• One To Many
• Many to Many
• One To Many (Inverse) / Belongs To
• Has One Through
• Has Many Through

Eloquent relationships are defined as methods on your Eloquent model classes. Inside this article we will see the concept of laravel 8 Has One through Eloquent relationship.

This article will give you the detailed concept of about implementation of Has One through relationship in laravel.

For this tutorial we will consider a people table, brokers table and homes table. This means a person will contact a broker to take a home

Person -> Broker -> Home

Let’s get started.

Laravel Installation

We will create laravel project using composer. So, please make sure your system should have composer installed. If not, may be this article will help you to Install composer in system.

Here is the command to create a laravel project-

composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel blog

To start the development server of Laravel –

php artisan serve

URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000

Assuming laravel already installed inside your system.

Create Database & Connect

To create a database, either we can create via Manual tool of PhpMyadmin or by means of a mysql command.

CREATE DATABASE laravel_app;

To connect database with application, Open .env file from application root. Search for DB_ and update your details.

DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=laravel_app
DB_USERNAME=root
DB_PASSWORD=root

Create Migrations

We need few migration files –

• People migration to store people data
• Broker migration to store brokers
• Home Migration to store homes data

Open project into terminal and run these artisan commands.

$ php artisan make:migration create_people_table

$ php artisan make:migration create_brokers_table

$ php artisan make:migration create_homes_table

It will create two migration files 2021_05_03_162204_create_people_table.php, 2021_05_03_162246_create_brokers_table.php, and 2021_05_03_162253_create_homes_table.php at location /database/migrations.

Open 2021_05_03_162204_create_people_table.php and write this complete code into it.

<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

class CreatePeopleTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('people', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->string("name", 120);
            $table->string("email", 120)->unique();
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('people');
    }
}

Open 2021_05_03_162246_create_brokers_table.php and write this code into it.

<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

class CreateBrokersTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('brokers', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->string("name", 120);
            $table->string("email", 120)->unique();
            $table->unsignedBigInteger('person_id');
            $table->timestamps();
            $table->foreign('person_id')->references('id')->on('people');
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('brokers');
    }
}

Open 2021_05_03_162253_create_homes_table.php and write this complete code into it.

<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

class CreateHomesTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('homes', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->string("title", 155);
            $table->text("location");
            $table->unsignedBigInteger('broker_id');
            $table->timestamps();
            $table->foreign('broker_id')->references('id')->on('brokers');
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('homes');
    }
}

Run Migrations

Next, we need to create tables inside database.

$ php artisan migrate

This command will create tables inside database.

Create Model

Next, we need to create three models. Back to terminal and run these artisan commands.

$ php artisan make:model Person

$ php artisan make:model Broker

$ php artisan make:model Home

These commands will create three files Person.php, Broker.php & Home.php at /app/Models folder.

Open Person.php and write this complete code into it.

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use App\Models\Home;
use App\Models\Broker;

class Person extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;

    public function homeInformation()
    {
        return $this->hasOneThrough(Home::class, Broker::class);
    }
}

$this->hasOneThrough(Home::class, Broker::class); This line is implementing the relationship i.e Has One Through

Rest for all models like for Broker.php and home.php code will be same as default code.

Sample Data Insertion

Open mysql and run these queries to insert dummy data into people, brokers and homes table.

Data for People Table

--
-- Dumping data for table `people`
--

INSERT INTO `people` (`id`, `name`, `email`, `created_at`, `updated_at`) VALUES
(1, 'Sanjay Kumar', 'sanjay@gmail.com', NULL, NULL),
(2, 'Ashish Kumar', 'ashish@gmail.com', NULL, NULL);

Data for Brokers Table

--
-- Dumping data for table `brokers`
--

INSERT INTO `brokers` (`id`, `name`, `email`, `person_id`, `created_at`, `updated_at`) VALUES
(1, 'Broker 1', 'broker1@gmail.com', 1, NULL, NULL),
(2, 'Broker 2', 'broker2@gmail.com', 2, NULL, NULL);

Data for Homes Table

--
-- Dumping data for table `homes`
--

INSERT INTO `homes` (`id`, `title`, `location`, `broker_id`, `created_at`, `updated_at`) VALUES
(1, 'Home 1', 'Location 1, Street 1, Sample', 2, NULL, NULL),
(2, 'Home 2', 'Location 2, Street 2, Sample ', 1, NULL, NULL);

Calling Method at Controller

Open any controller say SiteController.php file, we have created one method in which we used model method as a property.

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Models\Person;

class SiteController extends Controller
{
    // To get home detail of a person
    public function getHome()
    {
        return Person::find(1)->homeInformation;
    }
}

Person::find(1)->homeInformation; It will return the home information of person by it’s ID.

Create Routes

Open web.php from /routes folder and add this route into it.

# Add this to header
use App\Http\Controllers\SiteController;

Route::get('home-information', [SiteController::class, 'getHome']);

Application Testing

Run this command into project terminal to start development server,

php artisan serve

Get Home Information by Person ID – http://127.0.0.1:8000/home-information

We hope this article helped you to learn about Laravel 8 Has One Through Eloquent Relationship Tutorial in a very detailed way.

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